神仏習合 · しんぶつしゅうごう · history
shinbutsu-shūgō
The traditional fusion of kami and Buddhas before separation.
Definition
Shinbutsu-shūgō refers to the historical syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism in Japan, where kami and Buddhas were venerated together in a blended religious practice. This syncretic tradition flourished particularly during the Heian and Kamakura periods, allowing followers to access both spiritual realms. This fusion encompassed rituals, festivals, and philosophical beliefs, often interpreting kami as manifestations of Buddhist deities, thus creating a rich, intertwined cultural landscape that dominated Japanese spirituality until the forced separation in 1868.
Etymology
The term means 'worship of kami and Buddhas together,' indicative of a deeply integrated spiritual practice.